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An event in the 1930s
Topic : An event in the 1930s
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
The death of Phar Lap
Phar Lap, meaning 'lightning,' was also known as 'The Australian Wonder Horse,' 'The Red Terror,' 'Big Red,' or as 'Bobby'
Foaled in New Zealand he was sold at auction for only £168 to Sydney trainer, Harry Telford who had convinced wealthy businessman David J. Davis to put up the finances
Phar Lap began as a mischievous, weak and clumsy horse, coming dead last in his very first race before winning a series of races to make third in the 1929 Melbourne Cup
Phar Lap took out the 1930 Melbourne Cup despite carrying more than 15 pounds for his age and an incident involving an attempt to kill him
Phar Lap was the first 'odds on' favourite to ever win the Melbourne Cup and came away from the carnival with a total of £12 429 in winnings
In the 1931 Melbourne Cup, Phar Lap's last race in Australia, the horse which stood a large 205 centimetres high was handicapped a massive 68 kilograms and came eighth
He raced in the Agua Caliente Handicap, overcoming the travelling, unfamiliar heat, dirt track and 129 pounds of weight to place first, break the old record and win the $US50 000 prize money
There are a number of theories, including that he was poisoned, behind Phar Lap's death in 1932 on a ranch near San Francisco
The people of Australia were devastated by his death, owing to his symbolising hope for them during the hard times of the Depression
As one of five inaugural members of the Australian Racing Hall of Fame, he is also remembered through films and books.
Chapter 2 :
Opening Sydney Harbour Bridge
The concept of a Harbour Bridge began as early as 1815, out of the practical need to join the two sides of the harbour
Plans did not get underway until 1912 when Dr. John Bradfield proposed a bridge, however World War I broke out and these plans had to be put on hold
In 1922 the arch design of English firm, Dorman Long and Co. Ltd., was finally accepted and construction on the project commenced (1923)
In August 1930, the two halves of the Bridge were joined and celebrated with a half-day holiday for the bridge workers
When the Bridge was finished the total length spanned 1149 metres, weighing a total of 52 800 tonnes and with a 49 metre wide deck, making it the widest longspan bridge in the world
The cost of the Bridge was more than twice the original quote at 10 057 170 pounds, 7 shillings and 9 pence, but was paid off by 1988 by tolls
The Sydney Harbour Bridge was officially opened on 19 March 1932, celebrated by three quarters of a million people who joined in the carnivals, exhibitions and pageants
In a statement of opposition to the policies of Premier Lang, New Guard (an anti- Labour group which was opposed to communism) member Captain de Groot slashed the opening ribbon of the Bridge before Lang was able to do so
The construction of the Bridge began during the years of economic prosperity for Australia, however with the Depression the mere completion of the Bridge was a massive triumph
The Bridge continues today to be an important tourist attraction and meaningful symbol for Australia
Chapter 3 :
Aboriginal Day of Mourning
26 January 1938 was the 150th anniversary of the landing of the First Fleet in Port Jackson and many Australians felt that it was a time for them to feel proud of what their nation had accomplished
To the Indigenous population, the 150th anniversary marked 150 years of the decimation of the Aboriginal people and the loss of their land, their culture and their basic human rights
In 1938, the New South Wales Government decided to re-enact the arrival of the First Fleet and, unbeknownst to the public, forced Aboriginal people to take part in it
Aboriginal leaders decided to use Australia Day as a Day of Mourning to enable them to draw attention to the issues faced by Aboriginals in the hope that they could one day be granted the rights of citizenship that white Australians were entitled to
Cooper, who formed the Australian Aborigines League, campaigned for equal rights for Aboriginal people but to no avail, so he joined forces with Ferguson and Patten from the Aborigines Progressive Association and staged a Day of Mourning protest
With the support of other Aboriginal activists they held a march and distributed a pamphlet in a meeting at Australian Hall
A list of ten points was derived from the Day of Mourning meeting and was presented to the Australian Prime Minister; however things did not improve until Harold Holt was Prime Minister and Aboriginal people began to receive equal rights
In recent times, some Aboriginal people feel that 26 January marks a day of 'invasion' and that it should be commemorated solemnly, while others believe it should be celebrated as a day of 'survival' of their people and of their culture
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