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Year 8 NSW
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Aboriginal colonisation and contact
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The arrival of the British
Topic : The arrival of the British
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
The First Fleet: the process of colonisation
The First Fleet consisted of 11 ships
Captain Arthur Phillip was chosen to command the First Fleet
The First Fleet landed at Botany Bay in January 1788
Sydney Cove was chosen as the preferred place to settle
Australia was made a British colony on 26 January 1788
The first years of the colony were very hard and people almost starved
The traditional Indigenous way of life was destroyed by the British
Chapter 2 :
Governor Phillip
Admiral Arthur Phillip was the Captain of the First Fleet
Governor Phillip wanted to establish friendly relations with the Indigenous people
Phillip ordered that anyone killing an Indigenous person be hanged
The land rights of Indigenous peoples were completely ignored
Phillip was keen to understand Indigenous culture and language
Phillip kidnapped Indigenous peoples to teach them English
Bennelong was an Aborigine that was captured by Governor Phillip
Bennelong accompanied Governor Phillip back to England
Chapter 3 :
Owning the land of Australia
The Europeans claimed Australia did not belong to anyone
Indigenous peoples have a deep spiritual and personal connection to the land
Indigenous peoples have a responsibility to care for their land
Indigenous peoples believe that land cannot be bought or sold
Indigenous groups lived in territories which had boundaries
Europeans believed that land could be privately owned
Europeans did not readily share the land
Europeans fenced off the land to prevent access to other people
Chapter 4 :
Experiences: disease
The arrival of the British brought many new European diseases
Indigenous peoples living in Australia before 1788 were free from disease
Spiritual doctors were used in Indigenous society to cure sickness
Smallpox and other diseases were devastating to Indigenous communities
Smallpox killed over half of the Indigenous people living near the first settlement
Indigenous peoples believed that the diseases came from their enemies
Diseases wiped out many Indigenous groups
Chapter 5 :
Experiences: massacres and frontier wars
The European settlement of Australia was not peaceful
Conflict began when the British settlers moved onto Aboriginal land
There were many battles between the Indigenous peoples and the British
Indigenous warriors used guerrilla warfare to fight the British settlers
Revenge attacks were common in the frontier wars
Massacres occurred in many parts of Australia
Chapter 6 :
Experiences: dispossession
The settlers forcibly removed and dispossessed the Indigenous peoples of land
Dispossession means to deprive people of the possession of something
Conflict began when the settlers barred the Indigenous peoples from the land
The British generally did not share their land and their resources
The traditional way of life of Indigenous peoples was destroyed by colonisation
The Indigenous population declined dramatically after 1788
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